A comprehensive collection of 62+ statistics covering U.S. energy consumption, electricity prices, solar energy growth, wind and renewables, home energy efficiency, electric vehicles, and carbon emissions. All data sourced from federal agencies, industry associations, and research institutions.
The United States is the world's second-largest energy consumer. Understanding where energy comes from and how it is used across sectors is essential for making informed energy decisions. Use our Electricity Cost Calculator to see how your personal energy use compares to national averages.
total primary energy consumed in the United States in 2024, making it the second-largest energy consumer globally
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Monthly Energy Review 2025
per capita energy consumption annually in the U.S., about twice the global average
Source: EIA, International Energy Statistics 2025
of total U.S. energy is consumed by the industrial sector (largest single sector)
Source: EIA, Monthly Energy Review 2025
of U.S. energy is consumed by transportation (second largest sector)
Source: EIA, Monthly Energy Review 2025
of U.S. energy goes to the residential sector (heating, cooling, lighting, appliances)
Source: EIA, Residential Energy Consumption Survey 2025
of U.S. energy goes to the commercial sector (offices, retail, hospitals, schools)
Source: EIA, Monthly Energy Review 2025
of U.S. primary energy comes from petroleum, still the dominant source
Source: EIA, Monthly Energy Review 2025
of U.S. primary energy comes from natural gas (surpassed coal in 2015)
Source: EIA, Monthly Energy Review 2025
of U.S. primary energy now comes from renewable sources, up from 8% in 2010
Source: EIA, Monthly Energy Review 2025
Electricity rates vary dramatically across the United States and continue to rise year over year. Use our Electric Bill Estimator to predict your monthly costs, or the Appliance Calculator to identify which devices use the most electricity.
total electricity generated in the United States in 2024
Source: EIA, Electric Power Monthly 2025
of U.S. electricity generated from natural gas (largest source)
Source: EIA, Electric Power Monthly 2025
of U.S. electricity from coal, down from 45% in 2010
Source: EIA, Electric Power Monthly 2025
average residential electricity rate in the United States
Source: EIA, Electric Power Monthly 2025
average U.S. residential electricity bill (up 4% year-over-year)
Source: EIA, 2025
average annual electricity consumption per U.S. household
Source: EIA, Residential Energy Consumption Survey 2025
highest average rate (Hawaii) vs. $0.103/kWh lowest (Idaho) — a 3x difference
Source: EIA, State Electricity Profiles 2025
average annual increase in residential electricity prices over the past 5 years
Source: EIA, 2025
total installed U.S. electricity generation capacity (all sources)
Source: EIA, Electric Power Annual 2025
Solar is the fastest-growing energy source in the United States and now the cheapest form of new electricity generation. Use our Solar Panel Calculator to estimate how many panels fit your roof, and the Solar Savings Calculator to see your projected savings. Check your state's solar potential with Solar Savings by State.
total installed solar capacity in the United States as of 2025
Source: Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA), 2025
new solar capacity installed in the U.S. in 2025 alone, a new annual record
Source: SEIA/Wood Mackenzie Solar Market Insight 2025
average cost per watt for residential solar panel systems (before incentives)
Source: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Tracking the Sun 2025
decline in solar module costs since 2010 (from $7.34/W to $0.82/W for modules)
Source: IRENA Renewable Cost Database, 2025
of total U.S. electricity generation now comes from solar energy
Source: EIA, Electric Power Monthly 2025
homes in the U.S. now have rooftop solar installations
Source: SEIA, 2025
federal solar Investment Tax Credit (ITC) available through 2032 under the Inflation Reduction Act
Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), 2025
typical warranty period for residential solar panels, with 0.5% annual degradation
Source: NREL, Photovoltaic Lifetime Project 2025
levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for new utility-scale solar, the cheapest new generation source
Source: Lazard LCOE Analysis v17, 2025
The U.S. energy grid is rapidly shifting toward cleaner sources. Wind and solar now compete with fossil fuels on cost alone, driving unprecedented growth in renewable deployment. Explore wind energy potential with our Wind Energy Calculator.
of U.S. electricity now comes from renewable sources (wind, solar, hydro, biomass, geothermal)
Source: EIA, Electric Power Monthly 2025
total installed wind capacity in the United States, second only to China globally
Source: American Clean Power Association (ACP), 2025
of U.S. electricity generated by wind energy (largest renewable source)
Source: EIA, Electric Power Monthly 2025
of U.S. electricity from conventional hydroelectric power
Source: EIA, Electric Power Monthly 2025
total carbon-free electricity generation in the U.S. (renewables 23.7% + nuclear 18.6%)
Source: EIA, Electric Power Monthly 2025
levelized cost of energy for new onshore wind farms, among the cheapest globally
Source: Lazard LCOE Analysis v17, 2025
total installed geothermal capacity in the U.S., the world leader
Source: EIA, 2025
offshore wind pipeline in the U.S. (projects in development across 14 states)
Source: U.S. DOE, Offshore Wind Market Report 2025
The cheapest energy is the energy you don't use. Understanding where your home uses the most energy helps you target the most impactful upgrades. Try our Home Energy Audit tool, or explore savings with the Heat Pump Calculator and LED Savings Calculator.
of home energy is used for space heating, the single largest residential energy use
Source: EIA, Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2025
of home energy goes to air conditioning, the second-largest use in warmer climates
Source: EIA, RECS 2025
of home energy goes to water heating (gas or electric water heaters)
Source: EIA, RECS 2025
efficiency of modern heat pumps (COP 3.0-4.0), vs. 95% for the best gas furnaces
Source: DOE, Energy Saver 2025
heat pump installations in the U.S. in 2025, up 50% from 2020
Source: Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI), 2025
of U.S. homes now use LED lighting (up from just 4% in 2015)
Source: EIA, RECS 2025
energy savings from LED bulbs compared to traditional incandescent bulbs
Source: DOE, Energy Saver 2025
of heating and cooling energy is lost through windows and doors in a typical home
Source: DOE, 2025
average savings from comprehensive home energy upgrades (insulation, sealing, HVAC)
Source: EPA ENERGY STAR, 2025
EV adoption is accelerating as battery costs plummet and charging infrastructure expands. Calculate your potential savings with our EV Savings Calculator, compare fuel costs with the EV Charging Cost Calculator, or plan road trips using the EV Range Calculator.
electric vehicles sold in the U.S. in 2025, a new annual record
Source: Cox Automotive/Kelley Blue Book, 2025
EV market share of total new car sales in the United States
Source: BloombergNEF, 2025
public EV charging stations across the U.S. with over 610,000 individual charging ports
Source: DOE Alternative Fuels Station Locator, 2025
maximum federal EV tax credit available for qualifying new vehicles under the IRA
Source: IRS, Inflation Reduction Act 2025
average range of new electric vehicles sold in 2025
Source: DOE, 2025
average electricity cost per mile for EVs vs. $0.12/mile for gasoline vehicles
Source: DOE eGallon Calculator, 2025
lower fuel costs for EVs compared to gasoline vehicles on a per-mile basis
Source: DOE Office of Energy Efficiency, 2025
lower maintenance costs for EVs compared to internal combustion vehicles over lifetime
Source: Consumer Reports, 2025
average lithium-ion battery pack cost, down from $1,200/kWh in 2010
Source: BloombergNEF Battery Price Survey, 2025
Understanding carbon emissions is essential for climate action. The U.S. has made progress since 2005 but must accelerate reductions to meet its 2030 targets. Our Carbon Footprint Calculator estimates your annual CO2 emissions and shows how they compare to national averages.
total U.S. CO2 emissions from energy consumption annually
Source: EIA, Monthly Energy Review 2025
average CO2 emissions per person per year in the United States
Source: Global Carbon Project, 2025
of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions come from transportation (largest sector)
Source: EPA, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions 2025
of U.S. emissions come from electricity generation (second-largest sector)
Source: EPA, Inventory of U.S. GHG Emissions 2025
of U.S. emissions come from industry (manufacturing, chemicals, cement)
Source: EPA, 2025
of U.S. emissions come from residential and commercial buildings
Source: EPA, 2025
reduction in U.S. CO2 emissions since the 2005 peak level of 5.7 billion tons
Source: EIA, 2025
U.S. emissions reduction target by 2030 (compared to 2005 baseline)
Source: White House Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), 2021
average annual CO2 offset from a typical 8 kW residential solar system
Source: EPA, Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator 2025
Electricity rates vary by more than 3x across U.S. states. Where you live significantly impacts your energy costs and the payback period for solar panels. Check your state's solar savings potential with our Solar Savings by State tool.
| Rank | State | Avg. Rate (per kWh) | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Hawaii | $0.318 | Most Expensive |
| #2 | Connecticut | $0.297 | Most Expensive |
| #3 | Rhode Island | $0.286 | Most Expensive |
| #4 | Massachusetts | $0.282 | Most Expensive |
| #5 | California | $0.271 | Most Expensive |
| National Average: $0.168/kWh | |||
| #1 | Idaho | $0.103 | Least Expensive |
| #2 | Utah | $0.108 | Least Expensive |
| #3 | Wyoming | $0.109 | Least Expensive |
| #4 | Nebraska | $0.112 | Least Expensive |
| #5 | North Dakota | $0.114 | Least Expensive |
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Electricity Profiles 2025. Rates are average residential prices.
Natural gas remains the largest source, but renewables are gaining ground rapidly. Solar and wind combined now exceed coal for the first time in U.S. history.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly 2025. Percentage of total U.S. electricity generation.
Use JouleIO's free calculators to estimate solar savings, compare EV costs, reduce your electricity bill, and measure your carbon footprint.
All statistics on this page are sourced from publicly available data published by federal agencies and recognized industry organizations. Our primary sources include:
Where exact 2026 figures are not yet available, we use the most recent published data (typically 2024 or 2025) with clear source attribution. All figures represent U.S. data unless otherwise noted. Electricity rates are residential averages and may differ from commercial or industrial rates.
This page is updated quarterly as new data becomes available from these agencies and organizations. If you would like to cite these statistics, please link to this page as the source. For corrections or updated data, contact us.